{"id":601,"date":"2023-09-12T13:31:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-12T13:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.viasathistory.cz\/?p=601"},"modified":"2023-09-12T13:34:44","modified_gmt":"2023-09-12T13:34:44","slug":"indiani-vs-kovbojove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.viasathistory.cz\/?p=601","title":{"rendered":"Indi\u00e1ni vs kovbojov\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u016fvodn\u00edmi obyvateli Ameriky byli p\u0159ist\u011bhovalci, kte\u0159\u00ed na kontinent dorazili p\u0159ed 15 000 lety z Asie p\u0159es Beringii, zamrzlou pustinu, kter\u00e1 v dob\u011b ledov\u00e9 spojovala Sibi\u0159 s Alja\u0161kou. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017eilo v Americe t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 600 r\u016fzn\u00fdch kmen\u016f s odli\u0161n\u00fdmi zvyky, zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota a hierarchi\u00ed. Kdy\u017e Kry\u0161tof Kolumbus dorazil do Nov\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, \u017eilo na kontinentu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5 a\u017e 10 milion\u016f p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel. Jin\u00e9 odhady hovo\u0159\u00ed a\u017e o 25 milionech. Kmeny \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed na z\u00e1pad\u011b, zejm\u00e9na na pl\u00e1n\u00edch, byly v\u00edce nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9. Byli to v podstat\u011b lovci a sb\u011bra\u010di a neust\u00e1le soupe\u0159ili o p\u016fdu. Naproti tomu kmeny na v\u00fdchod od Mississippi \u017eily ve stabiln\u00edch vesnic\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Star\u0161\u00ed filmy maj\u00ed tendenci vykreslovat p\u016fvodn\u00ed obyvatele Ameriky jako zaostal\u00fd, barbarsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod, kter\u00fd se po stalet\u00ed nevyv\u00edjel. Pravdou v\u0161ak je, \u017ee v dob\u011b p\u0159\u00edchodu Evropan\u016f ji\u017e na kontinentu \u017eil kulturn\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00fd, mnohojazy\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1rod. Kmeny se mezi sebou m\u00edsily, u\u010dily se navz\u00e1jem sv\u00e9 jazyky a hodn\u011b migrovaly \u2013 n\u011bkter\u00e9 dokonce putovaly a\u017e do St\u0159edn\u00ed Ameriky. Jin\u00e9 kmeny upravovaly sv\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed: \u0159\u00edzen\u011b vypalovaly plochy p\u016fdy nebo budovaly zavla\u017eovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my. Nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u017eivota p\u016fvodn\u00edch obyvatel Ameriky byli tak\u00e9 kon\u011b. Usnad\u0148ovali lov a slou\u017eili k rychlej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159eprav\u011b na del\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenosti. Kmeny neust\u00e1le obchodovaly se zbo\u017e\u00edm, kter\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1valy od osadn\u00edk\u016f. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 z\u00edsk\u00e1vali nov\u00e9 znalosti, kter\u00e9 rychle za\u010dlenili do sv\u00e9ho ka\u017edodenn\u00edho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S dokumentem Americk\u00e9 pohrani\u010d\u00ed <\/strong>a z\u00edskate nov\u00fd pohled na kovboje a indi\u00e1ny v Severn\u00ed Americe.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u016fvodn\u00edmi obyvateli Ameriky byli p\u0159ist\u011bhovalci, kte\u0159\u00ed na kontinent dorazili p\u0159ed 15 000 lety z Asie p\u0159es Beringii, zamrzlou pustinu, kter\u00e1 v dob\u011b ledov\u00e9 spojovala Sibi\u0159…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":603,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-americke-pohranici"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIndi\u00e1ni vs kovbojov\u00e9 - Viasat History<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.viasathistory.cz\/?p=601\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Indi\u00e1ni vs kovbojov\u00e9 - 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